Charlotte Garden
Co-Associate Dean for Research and Faculty Development and Associate Professor of Law
Curriculum VitaeBiography
Charlotte Garden is an expert in labor & employment law. She is an Associate Professor (with tenure) at the Seattle University School of Law, where she teaches Labor Law, Employment Law, Constitutional Law, Appellate Litigation, and Legislation & Regulation. She occasionally teaches in the Civil Rights Amicus Clinic and is the Litigation Director at the School's Korematsu Center for Law & Equality. Since 2017, she has been the Law School’s Co-Associate Dean for Research & Faculty Development.
Professor Garden’s scholarship focuses on the intersection of work/labor/technology and the Constitution. Her articles have appeared in the Emory Law Journal, Boston University Law Review, George Washington Law Review, Fordham Law Review, William & Mary Law Review, the University of Chicago Legal Forum, and the Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review. She is a co-author of two leading labor & employment law casebooks: Modern Labor Law in the Private and Public Sectors, with Seth Harris, Anne Marie Lofaso, Joe Slater, and Dick Griffin, Jr.; and Employment Law Cases and Materials, with Mark Rothstein, Lance Liebman, Kimberly Yuracko, and Paul Secunda. In 2019, Cambridge University Press will publish her edited volume, The Cambridge Handbook of U.S. Labor Law (co-edited with Rick Bales).
In addition to her teaching and scholarship, Professor Garden’s external service includes serving as Chair-Elect of the Executive Committee of the AALS Section on Labor Relations and Employment Law, and co-chairing a working group of the Clean Slate Project at Harvard Law School’s Labor & Worklife Program. She is a co-editor of the Work Law section for the online legal journal JOTWELL, a Senior Contributor to OnLabor, and a Contributor to Take Care. She regularly authors amicus briefs in cases affecting unions and workers, including in Janus v. AFSCME, Chamber of Commerce v. City of Seattle, Vergara v. California, Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association, M&G Polymers USA, LLC v. Tackett, and Harris v. Quinn.
Professor Garden regularly writes opinion and analysis pieces for practitioners and non-academic audiences. She regularly publishes case previews and argument/opinion analysis for SCOTUSblog, and her opinion pieces have appeared in outlets such as The Atlantic, NBCThink, and the blog of the American Constitution Society. Her legal analysis is regularly featured in the mainstream media, on platforms such as the New York Times, NPR, Bloomberg, the Washington Post, The Nation, and Politico.
Prior to joining Seattle University, Professor Garden was a teaching fellow in the Appellate Litigation Clinic at Georgetown University Law Center, where she also received her LL.M. Professor Garden then clerked for Judge Thomas L. Ambro of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. She is graduate of NYU School of Law and McGill University.
Publications
Avoidance Creep (in progress)
Speech Inequality – IND. L.J. – (in progress)
The Seattle Solution: Collective Bargaining by For-Hire Drivers & Prospects for Pro-Labor Federalism, HARV. L. & POL'Y REV. (2018)
Disrupting Work Law: Disrupting Work Law: Arbitration in the Gig Economy , 2017 CHI. L. FORUM (2018).
The Deregulatory First Amendment at Work, 51 HARV. C.R.-C.L. L. REV. 323 (2016).
Religious Employers & Labor Law: Bargaining in Good Faith?, 95 B.U. L. REV. 109 (2016)
Toward Politically Stable NLRB Lawmaking: Rulemaking vs. Adjudication, 64 EMORY L.J. 1467 (2015).
Meta Rights, 83 FORDHAM L. REV. 855 (2014)
Selected for peer review in JOTWELL, available at
http://worklaw.jotwell.com/putting-union-security-clause-first-amendment-law-in-a-broader-context-charlotte-gardens-meta-rights/
Citizens United & the First Amendment of Labor Law,43 STETSON L. REV. 571 (2014).
Unions & Campaign Finance Litigation, 14 NEVADA L.J. 364 (2014).
"So Closely Intertwined": Labor Interests and Racial Solidarity, 81 GEO. WASH. L. REV. 1135 (2013) (with Nancy Leong).
Union Made: Labor's Litigation for Social Change, 88 TULANE L. REV. 193 (2013).
Teaching for America: Unions and Academic Freedom, 43 U. TOL. L. REV. 563 (2012).
Citizens, United and Citizens United: The Future of Labor Speech Rights?, 53 WM. & MARY L. REV. 1 (2011). Selected for peer review in JOTWELL, available at
http://worklaw.jotwell.com/2012/04/.
Labor Values are First Amendment Values: Why Union Comprehensive Campaigns are Protected Speech,
79 FORDHAM L. REV. 2617 (2011).
Cited in Cox et al., LABOR LAW, 572 (15th ed. 2011).
Recent Activity
In the News
Argument analysis: May a federal employer say "OK, boomer" to a job applicant?January 16, 2020 | SCOTUSblog
Professor Charlotte Garden analyzes oral argument in Babb v. Wilkie.
Argument preview: What counts as discrimination "based on" age?January 08, 2020 | SCOTUSblog
Professor Charlotte Garden analyzes Babb v. Wilkie, a case pending at the U.S. Supreme Court.
Amazon employee group says company threatened to fire climate activistsJanuary 02, 2020 | KNKX
Professor Charlotte Garden says speech protections are different for private-sector workers.
Uber, Postmates Sue California to Block Gig-Worker LawDecember 30, 2019 | Bloomberg
Professor Charlotte Garden says the lawsuit is likely dead on arrival.
Labor & Employment In The Courts: A Decade In ReviewDecember 20, 2019 | Law 360
Professor Charlotte Garden comments on major labor law cases from the last 10 years.
Uber, Lyft Drivers Could Form Unions Under New York ProposalDecember 02, 2019 | Bloomberg
Professor Charlotte Garden says a court ruling left open the possibility of legislation at the state level.
Uber Drivers Who Make Airport Runs Get a Boost in Pay FightNovember 26, 2019 | Bloomberg
Regulators are increasingly skeptical that ride-share companies can police themselves, says Professor Charlotte Garden.
Uber Accused of Cheating the Public in Driver's Suit Over PayNovember 21, 2019 | Bloomberg
Uber's legal conflict calls into question public policy about workers in general, says Professor Charlotte Garden.
If you are a unionized journalist, this labor ruling should worry youNovember 12, 2019 | Vox
Professor Charlotte Garden explains how a labor law interpretation could apply to political reporters.
Courts Dent Gig Companies' Shield Against 'Existential' ThreatOctober 23, 2019 | Bloomberg Law
Court rulings create new opportunities for app-based drivers to appeal their status, says Professor Charlotte Garden.
Uber: The ride-hailing app that says it has 'zero' driversOctober 14, 2019 | The Washington Post
Professor Charlotte Garden says Uber often uses "colorful language" to describe its business.
A New Assault on Organized LaborSeptember 02, 2019 | Slate
Professor Charlotte Garden's scholarship on union membership as a free speech issue is cited in this article.
Obama-Backed Netflix Documentary Causes Headaches for Fuyao GlassAugust 30, 2019 | Bloomberg
Professor Charlotte Garden says statements in the film are "hallmark violations" of labor law.
The Boss Can Tell You to Show Up for a Trump RallyAugust 28, 2019 | The Atlantic
Professor Charlotte Garden explains how employers can influence workers' political choices.
Connecticut's Rest-Stop McDonald's Are New 'Fight for $15' TargetAugust 26, 2019 | Bloomberg
Professor Charlotte Garden says states have more leeway when they act as landlords for fast-food franchises.
Lawmakers Debate Sweeping Plan to Amend Federal Labor LawJuly 30, 2019 | SHRM
Federal law should protect workers against "workplace fissuring," says Professor Charlotte Garden in testimony before Congress.
'Crowdworking' provides the humans who train artificial intelligenceJuly 26, 2019 | The Seattle Times
Workers are left vulnerable when companies use "crowdworking" for tasks that would otherwise be done by employees, says Professor Charlotte Garden.
Amazon Workers Plan Prime Day Strike at Minnesota WarehouseJuly 15, 2019 | Bloomberg
Professor Charlotte Garden says punishing workers who strike is a violation of federal labor law.
Opinion analysis: Administrative exhaustion is not jurisdictional for employment-discrimination plaintiffsJune 04, 2019 | SCOTUSblog
Professor Charlotte Garden recaps an employment discrimination ruling from the U.S. Supreme Court.
Scabby the Rat Is Under Attack—And Needs Our HelpMay 16, 2019 | In These Times
Professor Charlotte Garden says the U.S. Supreme Court has reliably protected activities like picketing.
Labor Law Safeguards for Worker Lawsuits Imperiled at NLRBMay 14, 2019 | Bloomberg Law
Professor Charlotte Garden explains how the National Labor Relations Act protects workers from employer retaliation.
Uber and the doublespeak at the heart of Silicon ValleyMay 10, 2019 | Fast Company
Professor Charlotte Garden says federal labor law isn't affected by how states classify drivers.
Uber's Arbitration Addiction Could Be Death by 60,000 CutsMay 08, 2019 | Bloomberg
Professor Charlotte Garden says Uber might cry uncle on negotiating with individual drivers.
Uber, Lyft Driver Strike Could Set Off Misclassification MinefieldMay 08, 2019 | Law.com
Professor Charlotte Garden says employees are allowed to strike, but not independent contractors.
Bonney Lake Walmart's robot zips along in tech revolution that's raising big questions for workersMay 06, 2019 | The Seattle Times
Professor Charlotte Garden says unions are even more vital as robots transform jobs done by humans.
Opinion analysis: The meaning of consent to class arbitrationApril 25, 2019 | SCOTUSblog
Professor Charlotte Garden analyzes the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Lamps Plus v. Varela.
Seattle Labor Unions Then and NowMarch 26, 2019 | Seattle Met
Professor Charlotte Garden offers observations on the current state of labor organizing in Seattle.
Franchisers Ask EEOC for Anti-Harassment Guidance Post #MeTooMarch 22, 2019 | Bloomberg
Professor Charlotte Garden says franchisers want to avoid joint employer liability when dealing with franchisees’ anti-harassment policies.
Dozens of Class Actions Build on Supreme Court's 'Janus' Union RulingMarch 14, 2019 | The National Law Journal
Refunds of dues would be an existential threat to unions, says Professor Charlotte Garden.
Uber to Pay $20 Million to Settle Driver Classification SuitMarch 12, 2019 | Bloomberg
Professor Charlotte Garden says the settlement is reasonable but doesn't resolve driver status.
Someone's Going to Get Killed Charging Those E-ScootersMarch 12, 2019 | VICE
Professor Charlotte Garden says workers need companies to create better working conditions.
Google Will Stop Making Employees Waive Class Action RightsFebruary 21, 2019 | Bloomberg
Professor Charlotte Garden says the company's move is a "major step forward."
Amazon Workers Are Denouncing Unions by Using Suspiciously Similar Tweets, but It's Apparently Not CoordinatedFebruary 06, 2019 | Slate
Professor Charlotte Garden says recruiting anti-union Twitter ambassadors would violate labor law.